EMT Practice Test

1. Question Content...

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Question1: A company has released a new version of a website to target an audience in Asia and South America. The website's media assets are hosted on Amazon S3 and have an Amazon CloudFront distribution to improve end-user performance. However, users are having a poor login experience the authentication service is only available in the us-east-1 AWS Region.
How can the Solutions Architect improve the login experience and maintain high security and performance with minimal management overhead?

Question2: An AWS customer runs a public blogging website. The site users upload two million blog entries a month.
The average blog entry size is 200 KB. The access rate to blog entries drops to negligible 6 months after publication and users rarely access a blog entry 1 year after publication. Additionally, blog entries have a high update rate during the first 3 months following publication, this drops to no updates after 6 months. The customer wants to use CloudFront to improve his user's load times.
Which of the following recommendations would you make to the customer?

Question3: In Amazon Cognito, your mobile app authenticates with the Identity Provider (IdP) using the provider's SDK.
Once the end user is authenticated with the IdP, the OAuth or OpenID Connect token returned from the IdP is passed by your app to Amazon Cognito, which returns a new _____ for the user and a set of temporary, limited-privilege AWS credentials.

Question4: You are responsible for a legacy web application whose server environment is approaching end of life You would like to migrate this application to AWS as quickly as possible, since the application environment currently has the following limitations:
* The VM's single 10GB VMDK is almost full;
* Me virtual network interface still uses the 10Mbps driver, which leaves your 100Mbps WAN connection completely underutilized;
* It is currently running on a highly customized. Windows VM within a VMware environment;
* You do not have me installation media;
This is a mission critical application with an RTO (Recovery Time Objective) of 8 hours. RPO (Recovery Point Objective) of 1 hour.
How could you best migrate this application to AWS while meeting your business continuity requirements?

Question5: A company has developed a new billing application that will be released in two weeks. Developers are testing the application running on 10 EC2 instances managed by an Auto Scaling group in subnet 172.31.0.0/24 within VPC A with CIDR block 172.31.0.0/16. The Developers noticed connection timeout errors in the application logs while connecting to an Oracle database running on an Amazon EC2 instance in the same region within VPC B with CIDR block 172.50.0.0/16. The IP of the database instance is hard-coded in the application instances.
Which recommendations should a Solutions Architect present to the Developers to solve the problem in a secure way with minimal maintenance and overhead?

Question6: A company is building a voting system for a popular TV show, viewers win watch the performances then visit the show's website to vote for their favorite performer. It is expected that in a short period of time after the show has finished the site will receive millions of visitors. The visitors will first login to the site using their Amazon.com credentials and then submit their vote. After the voting is completed the page will display the vote totals. The company needs to build the site such that can handle the rapid influx of traffic while maintaining good performance but also wants to keep costs to a minimum.
Which of the design patterns below should they use?

Question7: By default, temporary security credentials for an IAM user are valid for a maximum of 12 hours, but you can request a duration as long as _________ hours.

Question8: Which of the following should be followed before connecting to Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) using AWS Direct Connect?

Question9: Your company has HQ in Tokyo and branch offices all over the world and is using a logistics software with a multi-regional deployment on AWS in Japan, Europe and USA. The logistic software has a 3-tier architecture and currently uses MySQL 5.6 for data persistence. Each region has deployed its own database.
In the HQ region you run an hourly batch process reading data from every region to compute cross-regional reports that are sent by email to all offices this batch process must be completed as fast as possible to quickly optimize logistics.
How do you build the database architecture in order to meet the requirements?

Question10: Your company plans to host a large donation website on Amazon Web Services (AWS). You anticipate a large and undetermined amount of traffic that will create many database writes. To be certain that you do not drop any writes to a database hosted on AWS.
Which service should you use?

Question11: When you resize the Amazon RDS DB instance, Amazon RDS will perform the upgrade during the next maintenance window. If you want the upgrade to be performed now, rather than waiting for the maintenance window, specify the option.

Question12:
An organization has recently grown through acquisitions. Two of the purchased companies use the same IP CIDR range. There is a new short-term requirement to allow AnyCompany A (VPC-A) to communicate with a server that has the IP address 10.0.0.77 in AnyCompany B (VPC-B). AnyCompany A must also communicate with all resources in AnyCompany C (VPC-C). The Network team has created the VPC peer links, but it is having issues with communications between VPC-A and VPC-B. After an investigation, the team believes that the routing tables in the VPCs are incorrect.
What configuration will allow AnyCompany A to communicate with AnyCompany C in addition to the database in AnyCompany B?

Question13: Which status represents a failure state in AWS CloudFormation?

Question14: A company wants to manage the costs associated with a group of 20 applications that are critical, by migrating to AWS. The applications are a mix of Java and Node.js spread across different instance clusters. The company wants to minimize costs while standardizing by using a single deployment methodology. Most of the applications are part of month-end processing routines with a small number of concurrent users, but they are occasionally run at other times. Average application memory consumption is less than 1 GB, though some applications use as much as 2.5 GB of memory during peak processing. The most important application in the group is a billing report written in Java that accesses multiple data sources and often for several hours.
Which is the MOST cost-effective solution?

Question15: When using Numeric Conditions within IAM, short versions of the available comparators can be used instead of the more verbose versions.
Which of the following is the short version of the Numeric Condition "NumericLessThanEquals"?

Question16: ____________pricing offers significant savings over the normal price of DynamoDB provisioned throughput capacity.

Question17: A company is planning the migration of several lab environments used for software testing. An assortment of custom tooling is used to manage the test runs for each lab. The labs use immutable infrastructure for the software test runs, and the results are stored in a highly available SQL database cluster. Although completely rewriting the custom tooling is out of scope for the migration project, the company would like to optimize workloads during the migration.
Which application migration strategy meets this requirement?

Question18: A company runs a dynamic mission-critical web application that has an SLA of 99.99%. Global application users access the application 24/7. The application is currently hosted on premises and routinely fails to meet its SLA, especially when millions of users access the application concurrently. Remote users complain of latency.
How should this application be redesigned to be scalable and allow for automatic failover at the lowest cost?

Question19: An organization has setup RDS with VPC. The organization wants RDS to be accessible from the internet.
Which of the below mentioned configurations is not required in this scenario?

Question20: A finance company is running its business-critical application on current-generation Linux EC2 instances. The application includes a self-managed MySQL database performing heavy I/O operations. The application is working fine to handle a moderate amount of traffic during the month. However, it slows down during the final three days of each month due to month-end reporting, even though the company is using Elastic Load Balancers and Auto Scaling within its infrastructure to meet the increased demand.
Which of the following actions would allow the database to handle the month-end load with the LEAST impact on performance?

Question21: A user has configured two security groups which allow traffic as given below: 1: SecGrp1:
Inbound on port 80 for 0.0.0.0/0 Inbound on port 22 for 0.0.0.0/0 2: SecGrp2:
Inbound on port 22 for 10.10.10.1/32
If both the security groups are associated with the same instance, which of the below mentioned statements is true?

Question22: A Solutions Architect is migrating a 10 TB PostgreSQL database to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. The company's internet link is 50 MB with a VPN in the Amazon VPC, and the Solutions Architect needs to migrate the data and synchronize the changes before the cutover. The cutover must take place within an 8-day period.
What is the LEAST complex method of migrating the database securely and reliably?

Question23: You have a website which requires international presence and consequently you have set it up as follows.
It is hosted on 30 EC2 instances.
It is on in 15 regions around the globe. Each region has 2 instances.
All the instances are a public hosted zone.
Which of the following is the best way to configure your site to maintain availability with minimum downtime if one of the 15 regions was to lose network connectivity for an extended period? (Choose 2 answers)

Question24: The two policies that you attach to an IAM role are the access policy and the trust policy. The trust policy identifies who can assume the role and grants the permission in the AWS Lambda account principal by adding the _______ action.

Question25: Which of the following components of AWS Data Pipeline polls for tasks and then performs those tasks?

Question26: When using the AWS CLI for AWS CloudFormation, which of the following commands returns a description of the specified resource in the specified stack?

Question27: An AWS account owner has setup multiple IAM users. One of these IAM users, named John, has CloudWatch access, but no access to EC2 services. John has setup an alarm action which stops EC2 instances when their CPU utilization is below the threshold limit.
When an EC2 instance's CPU Utilization rate drops below the threshold John has set, what will happen and why?

Question28: True or false: In CloudFormation, you cannot create an Amazon RDS DB instance from a snapshot.

Question29: A company would like to implement a serverless application by using Amazon API Gateway, AWS Lambda and Amazon DynamoDB. They deployed a proof of concept and stated that the average response time is greater than what their upstream services can accept Amazon CloudWatch metrics did not indicate any issues with DynamoDB but showed that some Lambda functions were hitting their timeout.
Which of the following actions should the Solutions Architect consider to improve performance? (Choose two.)

Question30: A company uses an Amazon EMR cluster to process data once a day. The raw data comes from Amazon S3, and the resulting processed data is also stored in Amazon S3. The processing must complete within 4 hours; currently, it only takes 3 hours. However, the processing time is taking 5 to 10 minutes. longer each week due to an increasing volume of raw data.
The team is also concerned about rising costs as the compute capacity increases. The EMR cluster is currently running on three m3 xlarge instances (one master and two core nodes).
Which of the following solutions will reduce costs related to the increasing compute needs?

Question31: True or false: In a CloudFormation template, you can reuse the same logical ID several times to reference the resources in other parts of the template.

Question32: Attempts, one of the three types of items associated with the schedule pipeline in the AWS Data Pipeline, provides robust data management.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about Attempts?

Question33: An ERP application is deployed across multiple AZs in a single region. In the event of failure, the Recovery Time Objective (RTO) must be less than 3 hours, and the Recovery Point Objective (RPO) must be 15 minutes. The customer realizes that data corruption occurred roughly 1.5 hours ago.
What DR strategy could be used to achieve this RTO and RPO in the event of this kind of failure?

Question34: A user is configuring MySQL RDS with PIOPS. What should be the minimum size of DB storage provided by the user?

Question35: A Development team is deploying new APIs as serverless applications within a company. The team is currently using the AWS Management Console to provision Amazon API Gateway, AWS Lambda, and Amazon DynamoDB resources. A Solutions Architect has been tasked with automating the future deployments of these serverless APIs.
How can this be accomplished?

Question36: An online e-commerce business is running a workload on AWS. The application architecture includes a web tier, an application tier for business logic, and a database tier for user and transactional data management. The database server has a 100 GB memory requirement. The business requires cost-efficient disaster recovery for the application with an RTO of 5 minutes and an RPO of 1 hour. The business also has a regulatory for out-of region disaster recovery with a minimum distance between the primary and alternate sites of 250 miles.
Which of the following options can the Solutions Architect design to create a comprehensive solution for this customer that meets the disaster recovery requirements?

Question37: In the context of AWS Cloud Hardware Security Module(HSM), does your application need to reside in the same VPC as the CloudHSM instance?

Question38: A company runs a Windows Server host in a public subnet that is configured to allow a team of administrators to connect over RDP to troubleshoot issues with hosts in a private subnet. The host must be available at all times outside of a scheduled maintenance window, and needs to receive the latest operating system updates within 3 days of release.
What should be done to manage the host with the LEAST amount of administrative effort?

Question39: You set up your first Lambda function and want to set up some Cloudwatch metrics to monitor your function.
Which of the following Lambda metrics can Cloudwatch monitor?

Question40: Can Provisioned IOPS be used on RDS instances launched in a VPC?

Question41: A company must deploy multiple independent instances of an application. The front-end application is internet accessible. However, corporate policy stipulates that the backends are to be isolated from each other and the internet, yet accessible from a centralized administration server. The application setup should be automated to minimize the opportunity for mistakes as new instances are deployed.
Which option meets the requirements and MINIMIZES costs?

Question42: True or False: "In the context of Amazon ElastiCache, from the application's point of view, connecting to the cluster configuration endpoint is no different than connecting directly to an individual cache node."

Question43: A user wants to create a public subnet in VPC and launch an EC2 instance within it. The user has not selected the option to assign a public IP address while launching the instance.
Which of the below mentioned statements is true with respect to this scenario?

Question44: A Solutions Architect must migrate an existing on-premises web application with 70 TB of static files supporting a public open-data initiative. The architect wants to upgrade to the latest version of the host operating system as part of the migration effort.
Which is the FASTEST and MOST cost-effective way to perform the migration?

Question45: A Solutions Architect is redesigning an image-viewing and messaging platform to be delivered as SaaS.
Currently, there is a farm of virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) that runs a desktop image-viewing application and a desktop messaging application. Both applications use a shared database to manage user accounts and sharing. Users log in from a web portal that launches the applications and streams the view of the application on the user's machine. The Development Operations team wants to move away from using VDI and wants to rewrite the application.
What is the MOST cost-effective architecture that offers both security and ease of management?

Question46: You have an application running on an EC2 Instance which will allow users to download flies from a private S3 bucket using a pre-signed URL. Before generating the URL the application should verify the existence of the file in S3.
How should the application use AWS credentials to access the S3 bucket securely?

Question47: DynamoDB usesonly as a transport protocol, not as a storage format.

Question48: You're trying to delete an SSL certificate from the IAM certificate store, and you're getting the message
"Certificate: <certificate-id> is being used by CloudFront."
Which of the following statements is probably the reason why you are getting this error?

Question49: A company is running a batch analysis every hour on their main transactional DB, running on an RDS MySQL instance, to populate their central Data Warehouse running on Redshift. During the execution of the batch, their transactional applications are very slow. When the batch completes they need to update the top management dashboard with the new data. The dashboard is produced by another system running on-premises that is currently started when a manually-sent email notifies that an update is required. The on-premises system cannot be modified because is managed by another team.
How would you optimize this scenario to solve performance issues and automate the process as much as possible?

Question50: A user is planning to launch multiple EC2 instance same as current running instance.
Which of the below mentioned parameters is not copied by Amazon EC2 in the launch wizard when the user has selected the option "Launch more like this"?

Question51: A user has created a VPC with a public subnet. The user has terminated all the instances which are part of the subnet.
Which of the below mentioned statements is true with respect to this scenario?

Question52: An internal security audit of AWS resources within a company found that a number of Amazon EC2 instances running Microsoft Windows workloads were missing several important operating system-level patches. A Solutions Architect has been asked to fix existing patch deficiencies, and to develop a workflow to ensure that future patching requirements are identified and taken care of quickly. The Solutions Architect has decided to use AWS Systems Manager. It is important that EC2 instance reboots do not occur at the same time on all Windows workloads to meet organizational uptime requirements.
Which workflow will meet these requirements in an automated manner?

Question53: A company has a serverless application comprised of Amazon CloudFront, Amazon API Gateway, and AWS Lambda functions. The current deployment process of the application code is to create a new version number of the Lambda function and run an AWS CLI script to update. If the new function version has errors, another CLI script reverts by deploying the previous working version of the function. The company would like to decrease the time to deploy new versions of the application logic provided by the Lambda functions, and also reduce the time to detect and revert when errors are identified.
How can this be accomplished?

Question54: After moving an E-Commerce website for a client from a dedicated server to AWS you have also set up auto scaling to perform health checks on the instances in your group and replace instances that fail these checks.
Your client has come to you with his own health check system that he wants you to use as it has proved to be very useful prior to his site running on AWS.
What do you think would be an appropriate response to this given all that you know about auto scaling and CloudWatch?

Question55: A large real-estate brokerage is exploring the option of adding a cost-effective location based alert to their existing mobile application. The application backend infrastructure currently runs on AWS. Users who opt in to this service will receive alerts on their mobile device regarding real-estate otters in proximity to their location. For the alerts to be relevant delivery time needs to be in the low minute count the existing mobile app has 5 million users across the US.
Which one of the following architectural suggestions would you make to the customer?

Question56: Which of following IAM policy elements lets you specify an exception to a list of actions?

Question57: Your company previously configured a heavily used, dynamically routed VPN connection between your on-premises data center and AWS. You recently provisioned a DirectConnect connection and would like to start using the new connection.
After configuring DirectConnect settings in the AWS Console, which of the following options win provide the most seamless transition for your users?

Question58: A company runs an IoT platform on AWS. IoT sensors in various locations send data to the company's Node.js API servers on Amazon EC2 instances running behind an Application Load Balancer. The data is stored in an Amazon RDS MySQL DB instance that uses a 4 TB General Purpose SSD volume.
The number of sensors the company has deployed in the field has increased over time, and is expected to grow significantly. The API servers are consistently overloaded and RDS metrics show high write latency.
Which of the following steps together will resolve the issues permanently and enable growth as new sensors are provisioned, while keeping this platform cost-efficient? (Choose two.)

Question59: ABC has three separate departments and each department has their own AWS accounts. The HR department has created a file sharing site where all the on roll employees' data is uploaded. The Admin department uploads data about the employee presence in the office to their DB hosted in the VPC. The Finance department needs to access data from the HR department to know the on roll employees to calculate the salary based on the number of days that an employee is present in the office.
How can ABC setup this scenario?

Question60: A user is hosting a public website on AWS. The user wants to have the database and the app server on the AWS VPC. The user wants to setup a database that can connect to the Internet for any patch upgrade but cannot receive any request from the internet. How can the user set this up?

Question61: A company prefers to limit running Amazon EC2 instances to those that were launched from AMIs pre-approved by the Information Security department. The Development team has an agile continuous integration and deployment process that cannot be stalled by the solution.
Which method enforces the required controls with the LEAST impact on the development process? (Choose two.)

Question62: Identify a correct statement about the expiration date of the "Letter of Authorization and Connecting Facility Assignment (LOA-CFA)," which lets you complete the Cross Connect step of setting up your AWS Direct Connect.

Question63: A company currently runs a secure application on Amazon EC2 that takes files from on-premises locations through AWS Direct Connect, processes them, and uploads them to a single Amazon S3 bucket. The application uses HTTPS for encryption in transit to Amazon S3, and S3 server-side encryption to encrypt at rest.
Which of the following changes should the Solutions Architect recommend to make this solution more secure without impeding application's performance?

Question64: How many g2.2xlarge on-demand instances can a user run in one region without taking any limit increase approval from AWS?

Question65: A company runs a memory-intensive analytics application using on-demand Amazon EC2 compute optimized instance. The application is used continuously and application demand doubles during working hours. The application currently scales based on CPU usage. When scaling in occurs, a lifecycle hook is used because the instance requires 4 minutes to clean the application state before terminating.
Because users reported poor performance during working hours, scheduled scaling actions were implemented so additional instances would be added during working hours. The Solutions Architect has been asked to reduce the cost of the application.
Which solution is MOST cost-effective?

Question66: You have set up Auto Scaling to automatically scale in. Consequently, you must decide which instances Auto Scaling should end first.
What should you use to configure this?

Question67: A customer has a website which shows all the deals available across the market. The site experiences a load of
5 large EC2 instances generally.
However, a week before Thanksgiving vacation they encounter a load of almost 20 large instances. The load during that period varies over the day based on the office timings.
Which of the below mentioned solutions is cost effective as well as help the website achieve better performance?

Question68: An organization is setting up a web application with the JEE stack. The application uses the JBoss app server and MySQL DB. The application has a logging module which logs all the activities whenever a business function of the JEE application is called. The logging activity takes some time due to the large size of the log file.
If the application wants to setup a scalable infrastructure which of the below mentioned options will help achieve this setup?

Question69: An e-commerce company is revamping its IT infrastructure and is planning to use AWS services. The company's CIO has asked a Solutions Architect to design a simple, highly available, and loosely coupled order processing application. The application is responsible for receiving and processing orders before storing them in an Amazon DynamoDB table. The application has a sporadic traffic pattern and should be able to scale during marketing campaigns to process the orders with minimal delays.
Which of the following is the MOST reliable approach to meet the requirements?

Question70: A Solutions Architect has been asked to look at a company's Amazon Redshift cluster, which has quickly become an integral part of its technology and supports key business process. The Solutions Architect is to increase the reliability and availability of the cluster and provide options to ensure that if an issue arises, the cluster can either operate or be restored within four hours.
Which of the following solution options BEST addresses the business need in the most cost-effective manner?

Question71: Someone has recommended a new client to you and you know he is into online gaming and you are almost certain he will want to set up an online gaming site which will require a database service that provides fast and predictable performance with seamless scalability.
Which of the following AWS databases would be best suited to an online gaming site?

Question72: Your team has a tomcat-based Java application you need to deploy into development, test and production environments. After some research, you opt to use Elastic Beanstalk due to its tight integration with your developer tools and RDS due to its ease of management. Your QA team lead points out that you need to roll a sanitized set of production data into your environment on a nightly basis. Similarly, other software teams in your org want access to that same restored data via their EC2 instances in your VPC.
The optimal setup for persistence and security that meets the above requirements would be the following.

Question73: A company wants to follow its website on AWS using serverless architecture design patterns for global customers. The company has outlined its requirements as follow:
* The website should be responsive.
* The website should offer minimal latency.
* The website should be highly available.
* Users should be able to authenticate through social identity providers such as Google, Facebook, and Amazon.
* There should be baseline DDoS protections for spikes in traffic.
How can the design requirements be met?

Question74: As a part of building large applications in the AWS Cloud, the Solutions Architect is required to implement the perimeter security protection. Applications running on AWS have the following endpoints:
* Application Load Balancer
* Amazon API Gateway regional endpoint
* Elastic IP address-based EC2 instances.
* Amazon S3 hosted websites.
* Classic Load Balancer
The Solutions Architect must design a solution to protect all of the listed web front ends and provide the following security capabilities:
* DDoS protection
* SQL injection protection
* IP address whitelist/blacklist
* HTTP flood protection
* Bad bot scraper protection
How should the Solutions Architect design the solution?

Question75: To get started using AWS Direct Connect, in which of the following steps do you configure Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)?

Question76: A media company has a 30-TB repository of digital news videos. These videos are stored on tape in an on-premises tape library and referenced by a Media Asset Management (MAM) system. The company wants to enrich the metadata for these videos in an automated fashion and put them into a searchable catalog by using a MAM feature. The company must be able to search based on information in the video, such as objects, scenery items, or people's faces. A catalog is available that contains faces of people who have appeared in the videos that include an image of each person. The company would like to migrate these videos to AWS.
The company has a high-speed AWS Direct Connect connection with AWS and would like to move the MAM solution video content directly from its current file system.
How can these requirements be met by using the LEAST amount of ongoing management overhead and causing MINIMAL disruption to the existing system?

Question77: A company is migrating an application to AWS. It wants to use fully managed services as much as possible during the migration. The company needs to store large, important documents within the application with the following requirements:
* The data must be highly durable and available.
* The data must always be encrypted at rest and in transit.
* The encryption key must be managed by the company and rotated periodically.
Which of the following solutions should the Solutions Architect recommend?

Question78: Which of the following statements is NOT correct when working with your AWS Direct Connect connection after it is set up completely?

Question79: A user has created a VPC with CIDR 20.0.0.0/16 using the VPC wizard. The user has created public and VPN only subnets along with hardware VPN access to connect to the user's data center. The user has not yet launched any instance as well as modified or deleted any setup. He wants to delete this VPC from the console.
Will the console allow the user to delete the VPC?

Question80: Amazon Elastic File System (EFS) provides information about the space used for an object by using the space
_ used attribute of the Network File System Version 4.1 (NFSv4.1). The attribute includes the object's current metered data size and not the metadata size. Which of the following utilities will you use to measure the amount of disk that is used of a file?

Question81: IAM users do not have permission to create Temporary Security Credentials for federated users and roles by default. In contrast, IAM users can call __________ without the need of any special permissions

Question82: A user is trying to create a PIOPS EBS volume with 4000 IOPS and 100 GB size. AWS does not allow the user to create this volume.
What is the possible root cause for this?

Question83: Once the user has set ElastiCache for an application and it is up and running, which services, does Amazon not provide for the user:

Question84: A company is building an AWS landing zone and has asked a Solutions Architect to design a multi-account access strategy that will allow hundreds of users to use corporate credentials to access the AWS Console. The company is running a Microsoft Active Directory and users will use an AWS Direct Connect connection to connect to AWS. The company also wants to be able to federate to third-party services and providers, including custom applications.
Which solution meets the requirements by using the LEAST amount of management overhead?

Question85: A user has created a VPC with public and private subnets using the VPC wizard. The VPC has CIDR
20.0.0.0/16. The private subnet uses CIDR 20.0.0.0/24. The NAT instance ID is i-a12345.
Which of the below mentioned entries are required in the main route table attached with the private subnet to allow instances to connect with the internet?

Question86: Which of the following Amazon RDS storage types is ideal for applications with light or burst I/O requirements?

Question87: An organization is purchasing licensed software. The software license can be registered only to a specific MAC Address. The organization is going to host the software in the AWS environment.
How can the organization fulfil the license requirement as the MAC address changes every time an instance is started/stopped/terminated?

Question88: An organization (account ID 123412341234) has configured the IAM policy to allow the user to modify his credentials.
What will the below mentioned statement allow the user to perform?

Question89: True or False: The Amazon ElastiCache clusters are not available for use in VPC at this time.

Question90: Your company hosts a social media site supporting users in multiple countries. You have been asked to provide a highly available design tor the application that leverages multiple regions tor the most recently accessed content and latency sensitive portions of the wet) site The most latency sensitive component of the application involves reading user preferences to support web site personalization and ad selection.
In addition to running your application in multiple regions, which option will support this application's requirements?

Question91: True or False: Amazon ElastiCache supports the Redis key-value store.

Question92: How does AWS Data Pipeline execute activities on on-premise resources or AWS resources that you manage?

Question93: How many metrics are supported by CloudWatch for Auto Scaling?

Question94: Which of the following statements is correct about AWS Direct Connect?

Question95: The Security team needs to provide a team of interns with an AWS environment so they can build the serverless video transcoding application. The project will use Amazon S3, AWS Lambda, Amazon API Gateway, Amazon Cognito, Amazon DynamoDB, and Amazon Elastic Transcoder.
The interns should be able to create and configure the necessary resources, but they may not have access to create or modify AWS IAM roles. The Solutions Architect creates a policy and attaches it to the interns' group.
How should the Security team configure the environment to ensure that the interns are self-sufficient?

Question96: AWS ________supports__________ environments as one of the AWS resource types.

Question97: You are running a successful multitier web application on AWS and your marketing department has asked you to add a reporting tier to the application. The reporting tier will aggregate and publish status reports every 30 minutes from user-generated information that is being stored in your web application s database. You are currently running a Multi-AZ RDS MySQL instance for the database tier. You also have implemented Elasticache as a database caching layer between the application tier and database tier.
Please select the answer that will allow you to successfully implement the reporting tier with as little impact as possible to your database.

Question98: A Solutions Architect is working with a company that operates a standard three-tier web application in AWS.
The web and application tiers run on Amazon EC2 and the database tier runs on Amazon RDS. The company is redesigning the web and application tiers to use Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda, and the company intends to deploy the new application within 6 months. The IT Manager has asked the Solutions Architect to reduce costs in the interim.
Which solution will be MOST cost effective while maintaining reliability?

Question99: A company runs an e-commerce platform with front-end and e-commerce tiers. Both tiers run on LAMP stacks with the front-end instances running behind a load balancing appliance that has a virtual offering on AWS. Currently, the Operations team uses SSH to log in to the instances to maintain patches and address other concerns. The platform has recently been the target of multiple attacks, including
* A DDoS attack.
* An SQL injection attack.
* Several successful dictionary attacks on SSH accounts on the web servers.
The company wants to improve the security of the e-commerce platform by migrating to AWS. The company's Solutions Architects have decided to use the following approach:
* Code review the existing application and fix any SQL injection issues.
* Migrate the web application to AWS and leverage the latest AWS Linux AMI to address initial security patching.
* Install AWS Systems Manager to manage patching and allow the system administrators to run commands on all instances, as needed.
What additional steps will address all of other identical attack types while providing high availability and minimizing risk?

Question100: A user has configured EBS volume with PIOPS. The user is not experiencing the optimal throughput.
Which of the following could not be factor affecting I/O performance of that EBS volume?

Question101: A company is moving a business-critical application onto AWS. It is a traditional three-tier web application using an Oracle database. Data must be encrypted in transit and at rest. The database hosts 12 TB of data.
Network connectivity to the source Oracle database over the internal is allowed, and the company wants to reduce the operational costs by using AWS Managed Services where possible. All resources within the web and application tiers have been migrated. The database has a few tables and a simple schema using primary keys only; however, it contains many Binary Large Object (BLOB) fields. It was not possible to use the database's native replication tools because of licensing restrictions.
Which database migration solution will result in the LEAST amount of impact to the application's availability?

Question102: In the Amazon RDS Oracle DB engine, the Database Diagnostic Pack and the Database Tuning Pack are only available with __________.

Question103: You are designing a personal document-archiving solution for your global enterprise with thousands of employee. Each employee has potentially gigabytes of data to be backed up in this archiving solution. The solution will be exposed to the employees as an application, where they can just drag and drop their files to the archiving system. Employees can retrieve their archives through a web interface. The corporate network has high bandwidth AWS Direct Connect connectivity to AWS.
You have a regulatory requirement that all data needs to be encrypted before being uploaded to the cloud.
How do you implement this in a highly available and cost-efficient way?

Question104: A company runs a video processing platform. Files are uploaded by users who connect to a web server, which stores them on an Amazon EFS share. This web server is running on a single Amazon EC2 instance. A different group of instances, running in an Auto Scaling group, scans the EFS share directory structure for new files to process and generates new videos (thumbnails, different resolution, compression, etc.) according to the instructions file, which is uploaded along with the video files. A different application running on a group of instances managed by an Auto Scaling group processes the video files and then deletes them from the EFS share. The results are stored in an S3 bucket. Links to the processed video files are emailed to the customer.
The company has recently discovered that as they add more instances to the Auto Scaling Group, many files are processed twice, so image processing speed is not improved. The maximum size of these video files is
2GB.
What should the Solutions Architect do to improve reliability and reduce the redundant processing of video files?

Question105: A company ingests and processes streaming market data. The data rate is constant. A nightly process that calculates aggregate statistics is run, and each execution takes about 4 hours to complete. The statistical analysis is not mission critical to the business, and previous data points are picked up on the next execution if a particular run fails.
The current architecture uses a pool of Amazon EC2 Reserved Instances with 1-year reservations running full time to ingest and store the streaming data in attached Amazon EBS volumes. On-Demand EC2 instances are launched each night to perform the nightly processing, accessing the stored data from NFS shares on the ingestion servers, and terminating the nightly processing servers when complete. The Reserved Instance reservations are expiring, and the company needs to determine whether to purchase new reservations or implement a new design.
Which is the most cost-effective design?

Question106: In DynamoDB, "The data is eventually consistent" means that__________.

Question107: You want to use Amazon Redshift and you are planning to deploy dw1.8xlarge nodes. What is the minimum amount of nodes that you need to deploy with this kind of configuration?

Question108: To serve Web traffic for a popular product your chief financial officer and IT director have purchased 10 m1.large heavy utilization Reserved Instances (RIs), evenly spread across two availability zones; Route 53 is used to deliver the traffic to an Elastic Load Balancer (ELB). After several months, the product grows even more popular and you need additional capacity. As a result, your company purchases two C3.2xlarge medium utilization Ris. You register the two c3.2xlarge instances with your ELB and quickly find that the m1.large instances are at 100% of capacity and the c3.2xlarge instances have significant capacity that's unused.
Which option is the most cost effective and uses EC2 capacity most effectively?

Question109: A Solutions Architect is designing the storage layer for a recently purchased application. The application will be running on Amazon EC2 instances and has the following layers and requirements:
* Data layer: A POSIX file system shared across many systems.
* Service layer: Static file content that requires block storage with more than 100k IOPS.
Which combination of AWS services will meet these needs? (Choose two.)

Question110: One of your AWS Data Pipeline activities has failed consequently and has entered a hard failure state after retrying thrice.
You want to try it again. Is it possible to increase the number of automatic retries to more than thrice?

Question111: You are setting up some EBS volumes for a customer who has requested a setup which includes a RAID (redundant array of inexpensive disks). AWS has some recommendations for RAID setups.
Which RAID setup is not recommended for Amazon EBS?

Question112: What is the maximum length for a certificate ID in AWS IAM?

Question113: Auto Scaling requests are signed with a _________ signature calculated from the request and the user's private key.

Question114: An organization has 4 people in the IT operations team who are responsible to manage the AWS infrastructure. The organization wants to setup that each user will have access to launch and manage an instance in a zone which the other user cannot modify.
Which of the below mentioned options is the best solution to set this up?

Question115: A company is adding a new approved external vendor that only supports IPv6 connectivity. The company's backend systems sit in the private subnet of an Amazon VPC. The company uses a NAT gateway to allow these systems to communicate with external vendors over IPv4. Company policy requires systems that communicate with external vendors use a security group that limits access to only approved external vendors.
The virtual private cloud (VPC) uses the default network ACL.
The Systems Operator successfully assigns IPv6 addresses to each of the backend systems. The Systems Operator also updates the outbound security group to include the IPv6 CIDR of the external vendor (destination). The systems within the VPC are able to ping one another successfully over IPv6. However, these systems are unable to communicate with the external vendor.
What changes are required to enable communication with the external vendor?

Question116: A company has a data center that must be migrated to AWS as quickly as possible. The data center has a 500 Mbps AWS Direct Connect link and a separate, fully available 1 Gbps ISP connection. A Solutions Architect must transfer 20 TB of data from the data center to an Amazon S3 bucket.
What is the FASTEST way transfer the data?

Question117: An administrator is using Amazon CloudFormation to deploy a three tier web application that consists of a web tier and application tier that will utilize Amazon DynamoDB for storage when creating the CloudFormation template.
Which of the following would allow the application instance access to the DynamoDB tables without exposing API credentials?

Question118: A company currently uses a single 1 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection to establish connectivity between an AWS Region and its data center. The company has five Amazon VPCs, all of which are connected to the data center using the same Direct Connect connection. The Network team is worried about the single point of failure and is interested in improving the redundancy of the connections to AWS while keeping costs to a minimum.
Which solution would improve the redundancy of the connection to AWS while meeting the cost requirements?

Question119: A Solutions Architect needs to migrate a legacy application from on premises to AWS. On premises, the application runs on two Linux servers behind a load balancer and accesses a database that is master-master on two servers. Each application server requires a license file that is tied to the MAC address of the server's network adapter. It takes the software vendor 12 hours to send ne license files through email. The application requires configuration files to use static. IPv4 addresses to access the database servers, not DNS.
Given these requirements, which steps should be taken together to enable a scalable architecture for the application servers? (Choose two.)

Question120: You are implementing a URL whitelisting system for a company that wants to restrict outbound HTTP'S connections to specific domains from their EC2-hosted applications. You deploy a single EC2 instance running proxy software and configure It to accept traffic from all subnets and EC2 instances in the VPC. You configure the proxy to only pass through traffic to domains that you define in its whitelist configuration. You have a nightly maintenance window or 10 minutes where all instances fetch new software updates. Each update Is about 200MB In size and there are 500 instances In the VPC that routinely fetch updates. After a few days you notice that some machines are failing to successfully download some, but not all of their updates within the maintenance window. The download URLs used for these updates are correctly listed in the proxy's whitelist configuration and you are able to access them manually using a web browser on the instances.
What might be happening? (Choose 2)

Question121: A web company is looking to implement an intrusion detection and prevention system into their deployed VPC. This platform should have the ability to scale to thousands of instances running inside of the VPC.
How should they architect their solution to achieve these goals?

Question122: An organization hosts an app on EC2 instances which multiple developers need access to in order to perform updates.
The organization plans to implement some security best practices related to instance access.
Which one of the following recommendations will not help improve its security in this way?

Question123: A photo-sharing and publishing company receives 10,000 to 150,000 images daily. The company receives the images from multiple suppliers and users registered with the service. The company is moving to AWS and wants to enrich the existing metadata by adding data using Amazon Rekognition.
The following is an example of the additional data:

As part of the cloud migration program, the company uploaded existing image data to Amazon S3 and told users to upload images directly to Amazon S3.
What should the Solutions Architect do to support these requirements?

Question124: A Provisioned IOPS volume must be at least __________ GB in size:

Question125: What combination of steps could a Solutions Architect take to protect a web workload running on Amazon EC2 from DDoS and application layer attacks? (Select two.)

Question126: A company is moving a business-critical, multi-tier application to AWS. The architecture consists of a desktop client application and server infrastructure. The server infrastructure resides in an on-premises data center that frequently fails to maintain the application uptime SLA of 99.95%. A Solutions Architect must re-architect the application to ensure that it can meet or exceed the SLA.
The application contains a PostgreSQL database running on a single virtual machine. The business logic and presentation layers are load balanced between multiple virtual machines. Remote users complain about slow load times while using this latency-sensitive application.
Which of the following will meet the availability requirements with little change to the application while improving user experience and minimizing costs?

Question127: An EC2 instance that performs source/destination checks by default is launched in a private VPC subnet. All security, NACL, and routing definitions are configured as expected. A custom NAT instance is launched.
Which of the following must be done for the custom NAT instance to work?

Question128: You currently operate a web application. In the AWS US-East region. The application runs on an auto-scaled layer of EC2 instances and an RDS Multi-AZ database. Your IT security compliance officer has tasked you to develop a reliable and durable logging solution to track changes made to your EC2.IAM And RDS resources.
The solution must ensure the integrity and confidentiality of your log data.
Which of these solutions would you recommend?

Question129: Mike is appointed as Cloud Consultant in ABC.com. ABC has the following VPCs set- up in the US East Region:
A VPC with CIDR block 10.10.0.0/16, a subnet in that VPC with CIDR block 10.10.1.0/24 A VPC with CIDR block 10.40.0.0/16, a subnet in that VPC with CIDR block 10.40.1.0/24 ABC.com is trying to establish network connection between two subnets, a subnet with CIDR block 10.10.1.0/24 and another subnet with CIDR block 10.40.1.0/24.
Which one of the following solutions should Mike recommend to ABC.com?

Question130: In Amazon IAM, what is the maximum length for a role name?

Question131: You have been asked to design the storage layer for an application. The application requires disk performance of at least 100,000 IOPS. In addition, the storage layer must be able to survive the loss of an individual disk, EC2 instance, or Availability Zone without any data loss. The volume you provide must have a capacity of at least 3 TB.
Which of the following designs will meet these objectives?

Question132: When you put objects in Amazon S3, what is the indication that an object was successfully stored?

Question133: You have been asked to set up a public website on AWS with the following criteria:
You want the database and the application server running on an Amazon VPC. You want the database to be able to connect to the Internet so that it can be automatically updated to the correct patch level.
You do not want to receive any incoming traffic from the Internet to the database.
Which solutions would be the best to satisfy all the above requirements for your planned public website on AWS? (Choose 2 answers)

Question134: In Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud, you can specify storage volumes in addition to the root device volume when you create an AMI or when launching a new instance using______.

Question135: Your website is serving on-demand training videos to your workforce. Videos are uploaded monthly in high resolution MP4 format. Your workforce is distributed globally often on the move and using company-provided tablets that require the HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) protocol to watch a video. Your company has no video transcoding expertise and it required you may need to pay for a consultant.
How do you implement the most cost-efficient architecture without compromising high availability and quality of video delivery?

Question136: An organization has created multiple components of a single application for compartmentalization. Currently all the components are hosted on a single EC2 instance. Due to security reasons the organization wants to implement two separate SSLs for the separate modules although it is already using VPC.
How can the organization achieve this with a single instance?

Question137: A company is using an Amazon CloudFront distribution to distribute both static and dynamic content from a web application running behind an Application Load Balancer. The web application requires user authorization and session tracking for dynamic content. The CloudFront distribution has a single cache behavior configured to forward the Authorization, Host, and User-Agent HTTP whitelist headers and a session cookie to the origin. All other cache behavior settings are set to their default value.
A valid ACM certificate is applied to the CloudFront distribution with a matching CNAME in the distribution settings. The ACM certificate is also applied to the HTTPS listener for the Application Load Balancer. The CloudFront origin protocol policy is set to HTTPS only. Analysis of the cache statistics report shows that the miss rate for this distribution is very high.
What can the Solutions Architect do to improve the cache hit rate for this distribution without causing the SSL/TLS handshake between CloudFront and the Application Load Balancer to fail?

Question138: A company has an Amazon VPC that is divided into a public subnet and a private subnet A web application runs in Amazon VPC, and each subnet has its own NACL The public subnet has a CIDR of 10.0.0.0/24. An Application Load Balancer is deployed to the public subnet. The private subnet has a CIDR of 10.0.1.0/24.
Amazon EC2 instances that run a web server on port 80 are launched into the private subnet.
Only network traffic that is required for the Application Load Balancer to access the web application can be allowed to travel between the public and private subnets What collection of rules should be written to ensure that the private subnet's NACL meets the requirement?
(Select TWO.)

Question139: Amazon EC2 provides a repository of public data sets that can be seamlessly integrated into AWS cloud-based applications.
What is the monthly charge for using the public data sets?

Question140: You have an application running on an EC2 instance which will allow users to download files from a private S3 bucket using a pre-signed URL. Before generating the URL, the application should verify the existence of the file in S3.
How should the application use AWS credentials to access the S3 bucket securely?

Question141: A company runs a public-facing application that uses a Java-based web service via a RESTful API. It is hosted on Apache Tomcat on a single server in a data center that runs consistently at 30% CPU utilization. Use of the API is expected to increase by 10 times with a new product launch. The business wants to migrate the application to AWS with no disruption, and needs it to scale to meet demand.
The company has already decided to use Amazon Route 53 and CNAME records to redirect traffic. How can these requirements be met with the LEAST amount of effort?

Question142: A large company has increased its utilization of AWS over time in an unmanaged way. As such, they have a large number of independent AWS accounts across different business units, projects, and environments. The company has created a Cloud Center of Excellence team, which is responsible for managing all aspects of the AWS Cloud, including their AWS accounts.
Which of the following should the Cloud Center of Excellence team do to BEST address their requirements in a centralized way? (Select two.)

Question143: Which of the following AWS services can be used to define alarms to trigger on a certain activity, such as activity success, failure, or delay in AWS Data Pipeline?

Question144: In Amazon Cognito what is a silent push notification?

Question145: After launching an instance that you intend to serve as a NAT (Network Address Translation) device in a public subnet you modify your route tables to have the NAT device be the target of internet bound traffic of your private subnet. When you try and make an outbound connection to the internet from an instance in the private subnet, you are not successful.
Which of the following steps could resolve the issue?

Question146: A company operates a group of imaging satellites. The satellites stream data to one of the company's ground stations where processing creates about 5 GB of images per minute. This data is added to network-attached storage, where 2 PB of data are already stored.
The company runs a website that allows its customers to access and purchase the images over the Internet.
This website is also running in the ground station. Usage analysis shows that customers are most likely to access images that have been captured in the last 24 hours.
The company would like to migrate the image storage and distribution system to AWS to reduce costs and increase the number of customers that can be served.
Which AWS architecture and migration strategy will meet these requirements?

Question147: The following are AWS Storage services? Choose 2.

Question148: An on-premises application will be migrated to the cloud. The application consists of a single Elasticsearch virtual machine with data source feeds from local systems that will not be migrated, and a Java web application on Apache Tomcat running on three virtual machines. The Elasticsearch server currently uses 1 TB of storage out of 16 TB available storage, and the web application is updated every 4 months. Multiple users access the web application from the Internet. There is a 10Gbit AWS Direct Connect connection established, and the application can be migrated over a schedules 48-hour change window.
Which strategy will have the LEAST impact on the Operations staff after the migration?

Question149: You want to use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy an application to Amazon EC2 instances running within an Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC).
What criterion must be met for this to be possible?

Question150: In Amazon VPC, what is the default maximum number of BGP advertised routes allowed per route table?

Question151: Your firm has uploaded a large amount of aerial image data to S3. In the past, in your on-premises environment, you used a dedicated group of servers to oaten process this data and used Rabbit MQ - An open source messaging system to get job information to the servers. Once processed the data would go to tape and be shipped offsite. Your manager told you to stay with the current design, and leverage AWS archival storage and messaging services to minimize cost.
Which is correct?

Question152: A company is using AWS to run an internet-facing production application written in Node.js. The Development team is responsible for pushing new versions of their software directly to production. The application software is updated multiple times a day. The team needs guidance from a Solutions Architect to help them deploy the software to the production fleet quickly and with the least amount of disruption to the service.
Which option meets these requirements?

Question153: After your Lambda function has been running for some time, you need to look at some metrics to ascertain how your function is performing and decide to use the AWS CLI to do this.
Which of the following commands must be used to access these metrics using the AWS CLI?

Question154: What RAID method is used on the Cloud Block Storage back-end to implement a very high level of reliability and performance?

Question155: A company runs a three-tier application in AWS. Users report that the application performance can vary greatly depending on the time of day and functionality being accessed.
The application includes the following components:
* Eight t2.large front-end web servers that serve static content and proxy dynamic content from the application tier.
* Four t2.large application servers.
* One db.m4.large Amazon RDS MySQL Multi-AZ DB instance.
Operations has determined that the web and application tiers are network constrained.
Which of the following should cost effective improve application performance? (Choose two.)

Question156: A company wants to allow its Marketing team to perform SQL queries on customer records to identify market segments. The data is spread across hundreds of files. The records must be encrypted in transit and at rest. The Team Manager must have the ability to manage users and groups, but no team members should have access to services or resources not required for the SQL queries. Additionally, Administrators need to audit the queries made and receive notifications when a query violates rules defined by the Security team.
AWS Organizations has been used to create a new account and an AWS IAM user with administrator permissions for the Team Manager.
Which design meets these requirements?

Question157: A company is using AWS for production and development workloads. Each business unit has its own AWS account for production, and a separate AWS account to develop and deploy its applications. The Information Security department has introduced new security policies that limit access for terminating certain Amazon ECs instances in all accounts to a small group of individuals from the Security team.
How can the Solutions Architect meet these requirements?